"SteveJobs,AppleCEOandcreativeforce,resigns"
2011-08-2512:52
Themoveappearstobetheresultofanunspecifiedmedicalcondition
forwhichJobstookaleavefromhispostinJanuary.
Apple’schiefoperatingofficer,TimCook,wasquicklynamedCEOof
thecompanyJobsco-founded35yearsagoinhisgarage.
InaletteraddressedtoApple’sboardandthe“Applecommunity,”Jobssaidhe
`alwayssaidifthereevercameadaywhenIcouldnolongermeetmydutiesandexpectationsasApple’sCEO,
Iwouldbethefirsttoletyouknow.Unfortunately,thatdayhascome.”
ThecompanysaidJobsgavetheboardhisresignationWednesdayand
suggestedCookbenamedthecompany’snewleader.
ApplesaidJobswaselectedboardchairmanandCookisbecomingamemberofitsboard.
GenentechInc.ChairmanArtLevinson,inastatementissuedonbehalfofApple’sboard,saidJobs’
`extraordinaryvisionandleadershipsavedAppleandguidedittoitspositionas
theworld’smostinnovativeandvaluabletechnologycompany.”
HesaidthatJobswillcontinuetoprovide“hisuniqueinsights,creativityandinspiration,’
‘andthattheboardhas“completeconfidence”thatCookistherightpersontoreplacehim.
Tim’s13yearsofservicetoApplehavebeenmarkedbyoutstandingperformance,
andhehasdemonstratedremarkabletalentand
soundjudgmentineverythinghedoes,”Levinsonsaid.
Jobs’healthhaslongbeenaconcernforAppleinvestorswhoseehimasanindustryoracle
whoseemstoknowwhatconsumerswantlongbeforetheydo.
Afterhisannouncement,Applestockquicklyfell5.4percentinafter-hourstrading.
JeffGamet,managingeditorofTheMacObserveronlinenewssitefocusedonApple,
saidJobs’departurehasmoresentimentalthanpracticalsignificance,
andthathehasbeentelegraphingthechangeforseveralyears.
`AllApplereallyhasdoneismadeofficialwhatthey’vebeendoingadministrativelyforawhilenow,
whichisTimrunstheshowandStevegetstodohisparttomakesure
theproductscomeouttomeettheApplestandard,”hesaid.
`Iexpectthateventhoughtherearealotofpeoplethatrightnowaresadorscaredbecause
SteveissteppingbackfromtheCEOrole,thatultimatelythey’llbeOK,”Gametsaid.
ButTripChowdhry,ananalystwithGlobalEquitiesResearch,saidJobs’
maniacalattentiontodetailiswhatsetAppleapart.
HesaidApple’sproductpipelinemightbesecureforanotherfewyears,
butpredictedthatthecompanywilleventuallystruggletocomeupwithmarket-changingideas.
`AppleisSteveJobs,SteveJobsisApple,andSteveJobsisinnovation,”Chowdhrysaid.
`Youcanteachpeoplehowtobeoperationallyefficient,youcanhireconsultantstot
ellyouhowtodothat,butGodcreatesinnovation.ApplewithoutSteveJobsisnothing.’
EarlierthismonthApplebecamethemostvaluablecompanyinAmerica,
brieflysurpassingExxonMobil.AtthemarketcloseWednesday
itsmarketvaluewas$349billion,justbehindExxonMobil’s$358billion.
Jobs’hitsseemedtogrowbiggerastheyearswenton:AfterthecolorfuliMaccomputerand
thenow-ubiquitousiPod,theiPhoneredefinedthecategoryofsmartphonesand
theiPadallbutcreatedthemarketfortabletcomputers.
Hisownauraseemedpartoftheattraction.
Onstageattradeshowsandcompanyeventsinhisuniformofjeans,
sneakersandblackmock-turtlenecks,he’dentranceaudienceswithnewdevices,
newcolors,newsoftwarefeatures,buildinguptoagrandfinalehe’d
predictablyprefacebysaying,`Onemorething.’
Jobs,56,shepherdedApplefromatwo-manstartuptoSiliconValleydarlingwhentheAppleII,
thefirstcomputerforregularpeopletoreallycatchon,sentIBMCorp.
andothersscramblingtogettheirownPCstomarket.
AfterApplesufferedaslumpinthemid-1980s,hewasforcedoutofthecompany.
HewasCEOatNext,anothercomputercompany,
andPixar,thecomputer-animationcompany
thatproduced`ToyStory’onhiswatch,overthefollowing10years.
Applewasfounderingashereturnedasanadviserin1996_ayearitlost$900millionas
MicrosoftWindows-basedPCsdominatedthecomputermarket.Thecompany’sfortunesbegantoturn
aroundwithitsfirstnewproductunderJobs’direction,theiMac,whichlaunchedin1998and
soldabout2millioninitsfirst12months.
JobseventuallybecameinterimCEO,thentookthejobpermanently.
Apple’spopularitygrewintheU.S.throughoutthe2000sas
theever-sleekerlineofiPodsintroducedmanylifelongWindowsuserstotheirfirstApplegadget.
Applecreatedanothersensationin2007withtheiPhone,
thestark-lookingbutpowerfulsmartphonethatquicklydominatedtheindustry.
TheiPadwasintroducedlessthanayearandahalfago
buthasalreadysoldnearly29millionunitsasitinspiredmyriadrivalsin
atabletcomputermarketthatscarcelyexistedbeforeApplesteppedin.
Therehavebeensomesetbacks.
ApplewassweptupinamassiveSecuritiesandExchange
Commissioninquiryintostockoptionsbackdatinginthemid-2000s,
apracticethatartificiallyboostedthevalueofoptionsgrants.
ButJobsandAppleemergedunscathedaftertwoformerexecutivestook
thefallandeventuallysettledwiththeSEC.
AsJobswaspraisedforhisvision,concernsabouthishealthpersisted.
TheJanuaryleavewasJobs’thirdmedicalleaveoverseveralyears.
Hehadpreviouslysurvivedpancreaticcancerandreceivedalivertransplant.
ShannonCross,ananalystatCrossResearch,saidCookisagoodchoicetoreplaceJobs.
`HehastakenoverforJobstwiceintwomedicalleavesand
thecompanyhasfunctionedextremelywell,”shesaid,addingthatCookhasbeenJobs’
`righthandguy”formanyyears.
CrossalsosaidJobsputinplacea“cultureofinnovation’
‘thatwillhelpAppleremainacreativeforceintheindustry.
`SteveJobsisanextremelystrongleaderandclearlyhasmadeApplealeadingconsumer
electronicscompanyandoneofthemostinnovativecompaniesintheworld,”shesaid.
`However,hedidn’tdoitalone.’
"잡스사임,세계IT업계충격…찬사이어져!"
뛰어난창의력과혁신으로…애플뿐아니라…21세기IT업계를이끌었던…
스티브잡스가…CEO사임을발표하며…전세계의IT업계가술렁이고있다.
애플의제품들은…세계IT생태계의..중요한축으로…
다른업체들과…관계를맺고있는만큼…
잡스의사임은…어떤방식으로든…업계에지각변동을몰고올것으로보인다.
애플이계속…IT업계의핵심에서…변화와혁신을이끌수있을지는…
스티브잡스이후의…애플이…어떤리더십을가지고…
운영될지에따라…달렸다는것이…업계의전망이다.
애플의제품들이…세계인의생활속…깊숙이자리잡고있는상황에서…
앞으로어떤변화가다가올지…IT업계의시선이…애플의향후변화에집중되고있다.
‘잡스없는애플’IT업계리더십유지할까?
CEO직사임을발표했지만…잡스는한동안…이사회의장직을유지하기로했다.
이에따라…경영일선에…나서지는않지만…
애플의비전을보여주는…역할을…계속해나갈것으로보인다.
잡스의빈자리는…팀쿡…최고운영책임자(COO)가맡는다.
앞서,잡스가병가로…자리를비운사이…공백을메워온…
그는차분한성격으로…조율에뛰어난…인물인것으로알려졌다.
이외에…제품의외관과…이미지를만들어온…
산업디자인부사장인…조너선아이브를비롯해…
수석부사장스콧포스톨…마케팅담당부사장…필립실러등이…
집단지도체제를꾸려…잡스의…공백을메울계획이다.
집단지도체제아래의…애플이당장…큰혼란을겪을것으로보이지는않지만…
카리스마리더십으로…애플을이끌어온…잡스의뒤를이어…
예전의명성을유지할지는…미지수라는것이…관계자들의시각이다.
잡스는…과거애플을파산위기에서구해냈고…시대의흐름을꿰뚫는통찰력…
소비자들의…마음을읽는능력…천부적인프레젠테이션기술을가지고…
애플을이끌어왔다고…평가를받았다.
아이폰이나아이패드등…스마트기기와…
스마트폰운영체제인…iOS를가지고있는…
애플은…그동안철저하게…폐쇄적인정책을펴왔다.
세계의…다양한업체들과…특허소송을치르는한편으로는…
부품의공급과관련해…경쟁업체와…손을잡고있기도하다.
스티브잡스를향한…찬사이어져…스티브잡스의사임소식은…
전세계IT전문가들에게도…큰충격으로이어졌다.
애플PC를선보이며…개인용컴퓨터의…대중화를이끌고…
아이폰을통해…모바일시대를개척한…
한명의…외로운천재에게보내는…찬사가트위터등…
소셜네트워크서비스(SNS)를…통해쏟아졌다.
타임지의칼럼니스트…해리매크라켄(HarryMcCracken)은…
"여전히…상상하기힘든일!"이라며…
"잡스는…1978년과2011년에…가장중요한인물이었다!"고회상했다.
1978년은…스티브잡스가…세계최초로…
일반인용컴퓨터(PC)애플PC를…개발한해다.
558엔가젯(Engadget)의…조슈아토폴스키(JoshuaTopolsky)는…
구글의모토로라인수…HP의PC사업부분사등의…사건이떠오르는듯…
"최근IT역사를통틀어…가장미친(crdaziest)2주를보냈다!"고…말하기도했다.
뉴욕타임스의…칼럼니스트…데이비드포그(DavidPogue)는…
"나는애플이…수많은천재가…우글대는곳이라는데동의한다!"면서도…
"그러나…잡스는…그어떤조직체에서도쉽지않은…
홀로…단하나뿐인비전을제시했다!"고…강조했다.
구글노믹스의저자로…이름이알려진…제프자비스(JeffJarvis)도…
"그에대한…찬사를쓰는것은…이르지않다!"며…
"그사람자체가…천재적인인생이다!"라며…칭찬을아끼지않았다.
애플에정통한것으로알려진…더루프(TheLoop)의…편집장짐달림플(JimDalrymple)은…
"스티브잡스는죽은게아니라…사임을표했다는사실을…기억하는것이중요하다!"고말하며…
그의영향력은…앞으로도계속될것임을…암시하기도했다.
ThisisthetextoftheCommencementaddressbySteveJobs,
CEOofAppleComputerandofPixarAnimationStudios,deliveredonJune12,2005.
Iamhonoredtobewithyoutodayatyourcommencementfrom
oneofthefinestuniversitiesintheworld.Inevergraduatedfromcollege.
Truthbetold,thisistheclosestI’veevergottentoacollegegraduation.
TodayIwanttotellyouthreestoriesfrommylife.
That’sit.Nobigdeal.Justthreestories.
Thefirststoryisaboutconnectingthedots.
IdroppedoutofReedCollegeafterthefirst6months,
butthenstayedaroundasadrop-inforanother18monthsorsobeforeIreallyquit.
SowhydidIdropout?
ItstartedbeforeIwasborn.Mybiologicalmotherwasayoung,
unwedcollegegraduatestudent,andshedecidedtoputmeupforadoption.
ShefeltverystronglythatIshouldbeadoptedbycollegegraduates,
soeverythingwasallsetformetobeadoptedatbirthbyalawyerandhiswife.
ExceptthatwhenIpoppedouttheydecidedatthelastminutethattheyreallywantedagirl.
Somyparents,whowereonawaitinglist,gotacallinthemiddleofthenightasking:
"Wehaveanunexpectedbabyboy;doyouwanthim?"Theysaid:"Ofcourse."
Mybiologicalmotherlaterfoundoutthatmymotherhadnevergraduatedfrom
collegeandthatmyfatherhadnevergraduatedfromhighschool.
Sherefusedtosignthefinaladoptionpapers.
Sheonlyrelentedafewmonthslaterwhenmyparentspromisedthat
Iwouldsomedaygotocollege.
And17yearslaterIdidgotocollege.ButInaivelychoseacollege
thatwasalmostasexpensiveasStanford,andallofmyworking-classparents’
savingswerebeingspentonmycollegetuition.
Aftersixmonths,Icouldn’tseethevalueinit.
IhadnoideawhatIwantedtodowithmylifeandnoidea
howcollegewasgoingtohelpmefigureitout.
AndhereIwasspendingallofthemoneymyparentshadsavedtheirentirelife.
SoIdecidedtodropoutandtrustthatitwouldallworkoutOK.
Itwasprettyscaryatthetime,
butlookingbackitwasoneofthebestdecisionsIevermade.
TheminuteIdroppedoutIcouldstoptakingtherequiredclassesthatdidn’tinterestme,
andbegindroppinginontheonesthatlookedinteresting.
Itwasn’tallromantic.Ididn’thaveadormroom,soIsleptonthefloorinfriends’rooms,
Ireturnedcokebottlesforthe5?depositstobuyfoodwith,andIwouldwalk
the7milesacrosstowneverySundaynighttogetonegoodmealaweekattheHareKrishnatemple.
Ilovedit.AndmuchofwhatIstumbledintobyfollowingmycuriosityand
intuitionturnedouttobepricelesslateron.
Letmegiveyouoneexample:ReedCollegeatthattimeofferedperhaps
thebestcalligraphyinstructioninthecountry.
Throughoutthecampuseveryposter,everylabeloneverydrawer,
wasbeautifullyhandcalligraphed.
BecauseIhaddroppedoutanddidn’thavetotakethenormalclasses,
Idecidedtotakeacalligraphyclasstolearnhowtodothis.
Ilearnedaboutserifandsanseriftypefaces,
aboutvaryingtheamountofspacebetweendifferentlettercombinations,
aboutwhatmakesgreattypographygreat.Itwasbeautiful,historical,
artisticallysubtleinawaythatsciencecan’tcapture,andIfounditfascinating.
Noneofthishadevenahopeofanypracticalapplicationinmylife.
Buttenyearslater,whenweweredesigningthefirstMacintoshcomputer,
itallcamebacktome.AndwedesigneditallintotheMac.
Itwasthefirstcomputerwithbeautifultypography.
IfIhadneverdroppedinonthatsinglecourseincollege,
theMacwouldhaveneverhadmultipletypefacesorproportionallyspacedfonts.
AndsinceWindowsjustcopiedtheMac,itslikelythatnopersonalcomputerwouldhavethem.
IfIhadneverdroppedout,Iwouldhaveneverdroppedinonthiscalligraphyclass,
andpersonalcomputersmightnothavethewonderfultypographythattheydo.
OfcourseitwasimpossibletoconnectthedotslookingforwardwhenIwasincollege.
Butitwasvery,veryclearlookingbackwardstenyearslater.
Again,youcan’tconnectthedotslookingforward;
youcanonlyconnectthemlookingbackwards.
Soyouhavetotrustthatthedotswillsomehowconnectinyourfuture.
Youhavetotrustinsomething?yourgut,destiny,life,karma,whatever.
Thisapproachhasneverletmedown,andithasmadeallthedifferenceinmylife.
Mysecondstoryisaboutloveandloss.
Iwaslucky?IfoundwhatIlovedtodoearlyinlife.
WozandIstartedAppleinmyparentsgaragewhenIwas20.
Weworkedhard,andin10yearsApplehadgrownfromjustthetwoofusin
agarageintoa$2billioncompanywithover4000employees.
Wehadjustreleasedourfinestcreation?theMacintosh?
ayearearlier,andIhadjustturned30.AndthenIgotfired.
Howcanyougetfiredfromacompanyyoustarted?Well,
asApplegrewwehiredsomeonewhoIthoughtwasverytalentedto
runthecompanywithme,andforthefirstyearorsothingswentwell.
Butthenourvisionsofthefuturebegantodivergeandeventuallywehadafallingout.
Whenwedid,ourBoardofDirectorssidedwithhim.
Soat30Iwasout.Andverypubliclyout.
Whathadbeenthefocusofmyentireadultlifewasgone,anditwasdevastating.
Ireallydidn’tknowwhattodoforafewmonths.
IfeltthatIhadletthepreviousgenerationofentrepreneurs
down-thatIhaddroppedthebatonasitwasbeingpassedtome.
ImetwithDavidPackardandBobNoyceandtriedtoapologizeforscrewingupsobadly.
Iwasaverypublicfailure,andIeventhoughtaboutrunningawayfromthevalley.
Butsomethingslowlybegantodawnonme?
IstilllovedwhatIdid.TheturnofeventsatApplehadnotchangedthatonebit.
Ihadbeenrejected,butIwasstillinlove.AndsoIdecidedtostartover.
Ididn’tseeitthen,butitturnedoutthatgettingfiredfrom
Applewasthebestthingthatcouldhaveeverhappenedtome.
Theheavinessofbeingsuccessfulwasreplaced
bythelightnessofbeingabeginneragain,lesssureabouteverything.
Itfreedmetoenteroneofthemostcreativeperiodsofmylife.
Duringthenextfiveyears,IstartedacompanynamedNeXT,anothercompanynamedPixar,
andfellinlovewithanamazingwomanwhowouldbecomemywife.
Pixarwentontocreatetheworldsfirstcomputeranimatedfeaturefilm,ToyStory,
andisnowthemostsuccessfulanimationstudiointheworld.Inaremarkableturnofevents,
AppleboughtNeXT,IreturnedtoApple,andthetechnologywedevelopedat
NeXTisattheheartofApple’scurrentrenaissance.
AndLaureneandIhaveawonderfulfamilytogether.
I’mprettysurenoneofthiswouldhavehappenedifIhadn’tbeenfiredfromApple.
Itwasawfultastingmedicine,butIguessthepatientneededit.
Sometimeslifehitsyouintheheadwithabrick.
Don’tlosefaith.I’mconvincedthattheonlythingthatkeptmegoingwas
thatIlovedwhatIdid.You’vegottofindwhatyoulove.
Andthatisastrueforyourworkasitisforyourlovers.
Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife,
andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork.
Andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.
Ifyouhaven’tfoundityet,keeplooking.
Don’tsettle.Aswithallmattersoftheheart,you’llknowwhenyoufindit.
And,likeanygreatrelationship,itjustgetsbetterandbetterastheyearsrollon.
Sokeeplookinguntilyoufindit.Don’tsettle.
Mythirdstoryisaboutdeath.
WhenIwas17,Ireadaquotethatwentsomethinglike:
"Ifyouliveeachdayasifitwasyourlast,somedayyou’llmostcertainlyberight."
Itmadeanimpressiononme,andsincethen,forthepast33years,Ihavelookedin
themirroreverymorningandaskedmyself:"Iftodaywerethelastdayofmylife,
wouldIwanttodowhatIamabouttodotoday?"
Andwhenevertheanswerhasbeen"No"fortoomanydaysinarow,
IknowIneedtochangesomething.
RememberingthatI’llbedeadsoonisthemostimportanttool
I’veeverencounteredtohelpmemakethebigchoicesinlife.
Becausealmosteverything?allexternalexpectations,allpride,
allfearofembarrassmentorfailure-thesethingsjustfallawayinthefaceofdeath,
leavingonlywhatistrulyimportant.Rememberingthatyouaregoingtodieis
thebestwayIknowtoavoidthetrapofthinkingyouhavesomethingtolose.
Youarealreadynaked.
Thereisnoreasonnottofollowyourheart.
AboutayearagoIwasdiagnosedwithcancer.
Ihadascanat7:30inthemorning,anditclearlyshowedatumoronmypancreas.
Ididn’tevenknowwhatapancreaswas.
Thedoctorstoldmethiswasalmostcertainlyatypeofcancerthatisincurable,
andthatIshouldexpecttolivenolongerthanthreetosixmonths.
Mydoctoradvisedmetogohomeandgetmyaffairsinorder,
whichisdoctor’scodeforpreparetodie.
Itmeanstotrytotellyourkidseverythingyouthoughtyou’dhave
thenext10yearstotelltheminjustafewmonths.
Itmeanstomakesureeverythingisbuttonedupsot
hatitwillbeaseasyaspossibleforyourfamily.
Itmeanstosayyourgoodbyes.
Ilivedwiththatdiagnosisallday.
LaterthateveningIhadabiopsy,wheretheystuckanendoscopedownmythroat,
throughmystomachandintomyintestines,
putaneedleintomypancreasandgotafewcellsfromthetumor.
Iwassedated,butmywife,whowasthere,toldmethatwhentheyviewedthecells
underamicroscopethedoctorsstartedcryingbecauseitturnedoutto
beaveryrareformofpancreaticcancerthatiscurablewithsurgery.
IhadthesurgeryandI’mfinenow.
ThiswastheclosestI’vebeentofacingdeath,
andIhopeitstheclosestIgetforafewmoredecades.
Havinglivedthroughit,Icannowsaythistoyouwithabitmorecertainty
thanwhendeathwasausefulbutpurelyintellectualconcept:
Noonewantstodie.Evenpeoplewhowanttogotoheavendon’twanttodietogetthere.
Andyetdeathisthedestinationweallshare.Noonehaseverescapedit.
Andthatisasitshouldbe,becauseDeathisverylikelythesinglebestinventionofLife.
ItisLife’schangeagent.Itclearsouttheoldtomakewayforthenew.
Rightnowthenewisyou,butsomedaynottoolongfromnow,
youwillgraduallybecometheoldandbeclearedaway.
Sorrytobesodramatic,butitisquitetrue.
Yourtimeislimited,sodon’twasteitlivingsomeoneelse’slife.
Don’tbetrappedbydogma?whichislivingwiththeresultsofotherpeople’sthinking.
Don’tletthenoiseofothers’opinionsdrownoutyourowninnervoice.
Andmostimportant,havethecouragetofollowyourheartandintuition.
Theysomehowalreadyknowwhatyoutrulywanttobecome.
Everythingelseissecondary.
WhenIwasyoung,therewasanamazingpublicationcalledTheWholeEarthCatalog,
whichwasoneofthebiblesofmygeneration.
ItwascreatedbyafellownamedStewartBrandnotfarfrom
hereinMenloPark,andhebroughtittolifewithhispoetictouch.
Thiswasinthelate1960’s,beforepersonalcomputersanddesktoppublishing,
soitwasallmadewithtypewriters,scissors,andpolaroidcameras.
ItwassortoflikeGoogleinpaperbackform,35yearsbeforeGooglecamealong:
itwasidealistic,andoverflowingwithneattoolsandgreatnotions.
StewartandhisteamputoutseveralissuesofTheWholeEarthCatalog,
andthenwhenithadrunitscourse,theyputoutafinalissue.
Itwasthemid-1970s,andIwasyourage.
Onthebackcoveroftheirfinalissuewasaphotographofanearlymorningcountryroad,
thekindyoumightfindyourselfhitchhikingonifyouweresoadventurous.
Beneathitwerethewords:"StayHungry.StayFoolish."
Itwastheirfarewellmessageastheysignedoff.
StayHungry.StayFoolish.
AndIhavealwayswishedthatformyself.
Andnow,asyougraduatetobeginanew,Iwishthatforyou.
StayHungry.StayFoolish.
Thankyouallverymuch.
오늘나는…세계에서가장훌륭한…대학의한곳을졸업하면서…
새출발을하는…여러분들과함께하는…영광을가졌습니다.
나는…대학을…졸업하지않았습니다.
사실을말하자면…이번이내가대학졸업식이라는데…가장가까이다가간경우입니다.
오늘나는…여러분들에게…내인생에관한…세가지이야기를하려고합니다.
뭐,그리대단한것은아닌…그저세가지의이야기입니다.
첫번째얘기는…점(點)을잇는것에관한…이야기입니다.
나는…리드대학이라는곳을…첫6개월다닌후…그만두었습니다.
그후,18개월동안은…비정규청강생으로머물렀고…그후진짜로그만두었습니다.
내가…왜?대학을그만두었을까요?
이얘기는…내가태어나기전부터…시작됩니다.
내생모는…젊은미혼의…대학생이었는데…
나를낳으면…다른사람에게…입양을시키기로결심했습니다.
생모는내가…대학을졸업한부부에게…입양되어야한다는…
생각을…강하게갖고…있었습니다.
그래서,나는태어나면…바로어떤변호사부부에게…입양되기로되어있었고…
그것으로…모든것이…다끝난것처럼보였습니다.
그러나…내가태어났을때…나를입양키로한…부부는마음을바꿔…
자신들은…여자아이를…원한다고했습니다.
그래서…내생모는…한밤중에입양대기자명단에있는…다른부부에게전화를걸어…
"우리가예기치않은…사내아이를갖게되었는데…아이를원하느냐?"고물었습니다.
이들부부는…"물론"이라고…대답했습니다.
내생모는…나중에야…내어머니(양모)가대학을나오지않았고…
내아버지(양부)는…고등학교도…졸업하지않았다는…사실을알았습니다.
생모는이때문에…최종적인입양서류에…서명을하지않다가…
몇달후…내양부모가나를…나중에대학에보낼것이라는…
약속을하고서야…마음을바꿨습니다.
17년이지난후…나는정말…대학에갔습니다.
그러나나는그때…스탠포드와거의맞먹는…수준의학비가드는대학을선택했고…
노동자였던…내부모(양부모)는…저축한모든돈을…내대학등록금에써야했습니다.
그렇게…6개월이지난후…나는그만한돈을쓰는데대한…가치를느낄수없었습니다.
나는…내가…내삶에서무엇을하길원하는지…알지못했고…
대학이…그것을아는데…어떤도움을줄것인지도알지못했습니다.
그런데도…내부모들은…전인생을통해…저축해놓은…
모든돈을…내학비를위해…쓰고있었던것입니다.
그래서…나는…대학을그만두기로했습니다.
나는…모든것이잘될것이라는…믿음을가졌습니다.
그당시…그런결정은…다소두려운것이기도했지만…
지금돌아보면…그것이내가지금까지한…가장훌륭한결정중하나였습니다.
내가…학교를…그만두는그순간…
나는…내게는흥미가없었던…필수과목을들을이유가없어졌고…
내게흥미롭게보이는…다른과목들을…청강할수있게되었습니다.
다낭만적인…얘기는…아닙니다.
나는…기숙사에방이없었기때문에…친구들의방바닥에서잠을잤습니다.
음식을사기위해…되돌려주면…5센트를주는…콜라병을모으는일을했고…
해어크리슈나사원에서…일주일에한번주는…식사를얻어먹기위해…
일요일밤마다…7마일을…걸어가곤했습니다.
나는…그걸…사랑했습니다.
그리고내가…나의호기심과직관을따라가다가…부딪힌것들중많은것들은…
나중에…값으로매길수없는…가치들로나타났습니다.
한가지사례를…들어보이겠습니다.
내가다녔던…리드대학은…
그당시…미국에서최고의…서예교육기관이었다고생각합니다.
캠퍼스전체를통해…모든포스터…모든표지물들은…
손으로그려진…아름다운글씨체로…장식되어있었습니다.
나는정규과목들을…더이상들을…필요가없어졌기때문에…
이런글자체들을…어떻게만드는지를배워보려고…서체과목을듣기시작했습니다.
나는…세리프나산세리프…활자체를배웠고…
무엇이…훌륭한활자체를…만드는지에대해…배웠습니다.
그것은…과학이…알아내지못하는…
아름답고…역사적이며…예술적인미묘함을갖고있었습니다.
나는…거기에…매료되었습니다.
당시나에겐…이런모든것이…
내삶에서…실제로응용될것이란…어떤희망도없었습니다.
그러나10년후…우리가최초의…매킨토시컴퓨터를만들때…
그모든것이…되살아났습니다.
우리의맥컴퓨터는…아름다운글자체를가진…최초의컴퓨터가되었습니다.
내가만일…대학의…그과목을듣지않았다면…
맥컴퓨터는…결코다양한서체를가진…컴퓨터가될수없었을것입니다.
(마이크로소프트의)원도즈는…맥컴퓨터를…
단지베낀것에…불과하기때문에…맥컴퓨터가그렇게하지않았다면…
어떤개인용컴퓨터도…그런아름다운…서체를갖지못했을것입니다.
내가만일…정규과목을…그만두지않았고…
서체과목에…등록하지않았더라면…
개인용컴퓨터는…지금과같은…놀라운서체를갖지못했을것입니다.
물론,내가대학에있을때는…미래를내다보면서…점을잇는것은불가능했습니다.
하지만…10년이지난후…과거를되돌아볼때…그것은너무나분명합니다.
다시말하지만…우리는미래를내다보면서…점을이을수는없습니다.
우리는오직…과거를돌이켜보면서…점을이을수있을뿐입니다.
따라서…여러분들은…지금잇는점들이…미래의어떤시점에..
서로연결될것이라는…믿음을…가져야만합니다.
여러분들은…어떤것들에…자신의내면,운명,인생,카르마…
그무엇이든지…신념을…가져야합니다.
이런접근법은…나를결코…낙담시키지않았고…
내삶의…모든변화를…만들어내었습니다.
나의두번째이야기는…사랑과상실에관한것입니다.
나는…내삶의이른시기에…하고싶은것을발견한…행운을가졌습니다.
우즈(스티브우즈니액,애플공동창업자)와…
나는애플을…우리부모님의…차고에서시작했습니다.
그때나는…스무살이었습니다…우리는열심히일했습니다.
10년이지난후…애플은…우리둘만의차고에서…
20억달러에다…4000명의직원을가진…회사로성장했습니다.
우리는…우리의가장…훌륭한발명품인…
맥킨토시컴퓨터를…1년빨리…시장에출시했는데…
그때나는…막서른살이…될때였습니다.
그리고…나는…해고를당했습니다.
어떻게…자신이만든회사에서…해고를당할수있느냐구요?
글쎄…애플이커가면서…
우리는회사를운영할…어떤사람을고용했고…
첫해는…그럭저럭…잘되어갔습니다.
그러나그후…우리들의미래에대한…관점에차이가나기시작했습니다.
마침내…우리는…추락하기시작했습니다.
우리회사…이사회는…그를지지했고…
서른살이었던…나는…쫓겨났습니다.
성인으로서…내삶의초점이었던…모든것들이사라져버리고…
나는…참혹함에…빠졌습니다.
첫몇달동안…나는무엇을할지…정말몰랐습니다.
나는앞서의…기업가세대는…물러나게된다는…어떤느낌,지휘봉을…
내게전해진것처럼…그렇게내려놓았다는…느낌을가졌습니다.
나는…데이비드팩커드와…밥노이스를만났고…
그들을…그렇게못살게군데대해…사과했습니다.
나는…아주공식적인…실패자였습니다.
실리콘밸리로부터…도망쳐떠나버릴까도…생각했습니다.
그러나…어떤것이…내게떠오르기시작했습니다.
나는여전히…내가하는일을…사랑하고있다는것이었습니다.
애플에서의일이…그것을조금도…바꾸진않았습니다.
나는거부당했지만…여진히…내일을사랑하고있다는것입니다.
나는…새롭게출발하기로…결심했습니다.
그때는…전혀몰랐지만…애플에서해고된일은…
내게…일어날수있었던일중…최고의경우였습니다.
성공에대한부담은…모든것에확신은…갖고있지는않았지만…
새롭게…다시시작할수있다는…가벼움으로대체되었습니다.
그것이…내가…내삶에서…가장창조적이었던…
시기로…들어갈수있도록…자유롭게해주었습니다.
이후5년동안…나는NeXT라는회사…
Pixar라는…이름의…다른회사를시작했고…
나중…내처가된…한여성과사랑에빠졌습니다.
픽사는세계최초로…컴퓨터애니메이션…영화인’토이스토리’를만들었고…
지금은…세계에서가장성공적인…애니메이션회사가되었습니다.
사건의…놀라운반전속에서…애플은…
넥스트를사들였고…나는…애플로복귀했습니다.
그리고…내가넥스트에서…개발한기술은…
애플의현재…르네상스의…핵심이되었습니다.
또한…로린과나는함께…한가족을만들었습니다.
내가…애플에서…해고되지않았더라면…
이런일중…어떤것도일어나지않았을것이라고…나는확신합니다.
그것은…두려운시험약이었지만…환자는그것을필요로하는것이었습니다.
인생이란때로…여러분들을…고통스럽게하지만…
신념을…잃지말기…바랍니다.
나를이끌어간…유일한것은…
내가하는일을…사랑했다는것이었다고..나는믿습니다.
여러분들은…여러분이…사랑하는것을찾아야합니다.
당신이…사랑하는사람을찾는것과…마찬가지로일에서도같습니다.
여러분이하는일은…여러분인생의…많은부분을채울것입니다.
여러분이…진정으로…만족하는유일한길은…
여러분스스로…훌륭하다고믿는…일을하는것입니다.
그리고,훌륭한일을하는…유일한길은…여러분이하는일을사랑하는것입니다.
만일,그것을아직찾지못했다면…계속찾으십시오.주저앉지마십시오.
언젠가…그것을발견할때…
여러분은…마음으로부터…그것을알게될것입니다.
그리고…어떤훌륭한관계에서처럼…
그것은…해가지나면서…점점좋아질것입니다.
그러므로…그것을발견할때까지…계속찾으십시오.
주저앉지마십시오.
세번째이야기는…죽음에관한것입니다.
"그가우리에게약속하신것은!이것이니곧영원한생명이니라!"(요일2:2)
내가열일곱살이었을때…나는이런비슷한것을…읽은적이있습니다.
"만일당신이…매일을…삶의마지막날처럼산다면…
언젠가당신은…대부분…옳은삶을살았을것이다."
나는…그것에강한…인상을받았고…
이후33년동안…매일아침거울을보면서…나자신에게말했습니다.
"만일오늘이…내인생의마지막날이라면…내가오늘하려는것을할까?"
그리고…여러날동안…그답이’아니오’라는것으로이어질때…
나는…어떤것을바꿔야한다는것을…알게되었습니다.
내가곧…죽을것이라는것을…생각하는것은…
내가내삶에서…큰결정들을내리는데도움을준…가장중요한도구였습니다.
모든외부의기대들…모든자부심…모든좌절과실패의두려움…
그런거의모든것들은…죽음앞에서는…아무것도아니기때문에…
진정으로…중요한것만을…남기게됩니다.
당신이…죽을것이라는것을…기억하는것은…
당신이…어떤잃을것이있다는…생각의함정을피하는…
가장…좋은길이라고…나는생각합니다.
여러분은…이미…벌거숭이입니다.
그러므로…여러분의마음을따라가지못할…어떤이유도없습니다.
약1년전…나는…암진단을받았습니다.
나는아침…7시30분에…스캔을받았는데…
췌장에…분명한…종양이발견되었습니다.
당시나는…췌장이라는게…무엇인지도몰랐습니다.
의사들은…이것이치료가불가능한…종류의암이거의확실하다면서…
내가길어봐야…3개월에서…6개월밖에…살수없다고했습니다.
의사는…내게집으로가서…주변을정리하라고충고했습니다.
의사들이말하는…죽음의준비입니다.
그것은…가족에게…작별을고하는것입니다.
나는…그진단을…하루종일생각했습니다.
그날저녁늦게…나는목구멍을통해…내시경을넣는조직검사를받았습니다.
몇점의세포를…췌장에서떼어내…조사를했는데…
의사들은놀랍게도…나의경우…매우드물게도…
수술로…치료할수있는종류의…췌장암임이밝혀졌다고…
아내에게말했습니다…나는수술을받았고…지금은괜찮아졌습니다.
이것이…내가죽음에가장…가까이간경우였습니다.
그리고나는…앞으로몇십년간은…그렇기를바랍니다.
그런과정을…거쳐살았기때문에…나는이제죽음이라는것을…
유용하긴하지만…지적개념만으로…알고있었던때보다는…
좀더…확신을가지고…말할수있습니다.
누구도죽기를…원하지않습니다.
하늘나라…천국으로가기를…원하는사람조차…
거기에가기위해…죽기를…원하지는않습니다.
하지만죽음은…우리모두가함께하는…목적지입니다.
누구도…거기에서…벗어나지못했습니다.
죽음은…바로…그런것입니다.
죽음은…생명의가장…훌륭한창조일수있습니다.
그것은…생명의교체를만들어내는…매개체입니다.
죽음은…낡음을청소하고…새로움을위한길을열어줍니다.
지금,이순간…그새로움은…여러분들입니다.
그러나…미래의어느날…지금으로부터…그리멀지않을그때…
여러분들도…점차낡음이되고…청소될것입니다.
미안하지만…이것은…진실입니다.
여러분들의…시간은…한정되어있습니다.
그러므로…다른사람의삶을사느라고…시간을허비하지마십시오.
과거의통념…즉다른사람들이…생각한결과에맞춰…
사는…함정에…빠지지마십시오.
다른사람들의견해가…여러분자신의…
내면의…목소리를가리는…소음이되게하지마십시오.
그리고가장중요한것은…당신의마음과직관을따라가는…용기를가지라는것입니다.
당신이…진정으로되고자하는것이무엇인지…그들은이미알고있을것입니다.
다른모든것들은…부차적인것들입니다.
내가젊었을때…"전세계목록"이라는…놀라운책이있었습니다.
우리세대에게…그책은…바이블과같은것이었습니다.
그책은…이곳에서…멀지않은곳에있는…
스튜워트브랜드라는…사람이만든것으로…
그는…시적인면들을가미해…책에생명을불어넣었습니다.
그책이나온게…1960년대로…
그당시에는…개인용컴퓨터도…데스크탑출판도없었기때문에…
모든것이…타이프라이터와가위…폴라로이드사진들로만들어진것이었습니다.
말하자면…종이책형태의…구글같은것이었는데…
구글이나타나기…35년전의일입니다.
스튜어트와…그의팀은…이책을여러번개정했고…
결국…그책의역할을다했을때…최종판을내었습니다.
그것이…1970년대…중반이었습니다.
바로…내가…여러분의나이때입니다.
그최종판의…뒷표지에는…
여러분이…탐험여행을하다가…지나가는자동차를얻어타기위해…
손을드는곳과같은…이른아침시골길을찍은…사진이인쇄돼있었습니다.
그밑에…이런말이…적혀있었습니다.
"늘배고프고,늘어리석어라"(StayHungry.StayFoolish)
이것이…그들이책을더이상…찍지않기로하면서…
한작별의…메시지입니다.
StayHungry.StayFoolish.
나는…나자신에게…늘이러기를바랬습니다.
그리고지금…여러분이새로운출발을위해…졸업하는이시점에서…
여러분들이…그러기를…바랍니다.
StayHungry.StayFoolish.
감사합니다.
"IfyoufullyobeytheLordyourGodandcarefullyfollowallhiscommands
IgiveyoutodaytheLordyourGodwilllsetyouhighaboveallthenationsonearth!"
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