미 "뽀로로 수입 땐 허가 받아야"
<RFA 보도>워싱턴-김진국 kimj@rfa.org/2011-06-22
미국 재무부는 북한의 부품이나 기술로 만들어진 제품은 예외 없이 수입 심사를 받아야 한다고 22일 재확인했습니다. 김진국 기자가 보도합니다.
재무부는 북한산 제품을 직접 또는 간접적으로 미국에 들여오려는 수입 업자는 북한 제재 규정(North Korea Sanctions Regulations/NKSR)에 따라 재무부 산하 해외자산통제실(OFAC)에 수입 허가를 받아야 한다고 밝혔습니다.
해외자산통제실의 마티 아담스 대변인은 6월20일 대통령 행정명령 13570호를 포함한 대북 제재 규정을 발표했다면서 미국 정부의 허가 없이 북한의 물건이나 서비스 (봉사), 기술을 수입할 수 없다고 이날 자유아시아방송(RFA)에 전했습니다.
아담스 대변인은 북한의 삼천리총회사가 제작에 참여한 한국의 만화 영상물 ‘뽀로로’를 미국 정부의 규제 대상에 포함하느냐는 질문에 북한의 기술이나 인력으로 만들어진 제품이라면 수입 허가를 받아야 한다고 답했습니다.
아담스 대변인은 북한산 제품을 들여오려는 수입업자는 지난 20일 발표한 북한 제재 규정인 510조와 수입 허가와 관련한 501조의 절차에 따라 해외자산통제실에 수입 승인을 신청해야 한다고 덧붙였습니다.
재무부는 지난 4월 18일 버락 오바마 미국 대통령이 발표한 대북제재 행정명령의 구체적인 시행안을 6월20일 자 관보에 실었습니다.
모두 31개 항으로 구성된 북한 제재 규정은 재무부의 사전 승인 없는 모든 북한산 제품의 미국 수입을 금지하고 북한에서 생산된 완제품뿐만 아니라 북한의 부품이나 인력, 기술로 만들어진 제품을 제재 대상에 포함했습니다.
북한의 광물로 만든 중국산 철강 제품이나 북한의 인력이 참여한 한국의 영화도 미국 정부의 사전 심사 대상입니다. 이 때문에 북한의 삼천리총회사가 제작 초반에 참여한 한국의 대표적인 아동 영상물인 ‘뽀로로’도 미국 정부의 제재 대상에 포함되는지 여부가 주목됐습니다.
하지만, 재무부의 대북 제재 규정에 ‘간접적인’ 북한산 제품과 관련한 명확한 설명이 없어 수입 허가를 받아야 하는 기준이 모호하다는 지적도 있습니다.
북한의 광물로 만들어진 중국산 제품이나 러시아 벌목공으로 일하는 북한 노동자의 손을 거친 목재 등 많은 제품들이 북한의 부품이나 인력, 기술이 포함됐다는 사실을 추적하기 어렵기 때문입니다. /
<An Overview of Sanctions With Respect to North Korea>
[http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Documents/nkorea.pdf]
I. INTRODUCTION
On June 26, 2008, the President issued Executive Order 13466 (“E.O. 13466”), pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (“IEEPA”). In E.O. 13466, the President declared a national emergency to deal with the threat to the national security and foreign policy of the United States constituted by the current existence and risk of the proliferation of weapons-usable fissile material on the Korean Peninsula, and continued certain restrictions with respect to North Korea that had been imposed under the authority of the Trading With the Enemy Act (“TWEA”). Also on June 26, 2008, the President signed Proclamation 8271, terminating the application of TWEA authorities with respect to North Korea, effective June 27, 2008. The Foreign Assets Control Regulations, 31 C.F.R. part 500, to the extent they were promulgated under TWEA authority, are therefore no longer in force with respect to North Korea.
On August 30, 2010, the President issued Executive Order 13551 (“E.O. 13551”) pursuant to IEEPA and the United Nations Participation Act (the “UNPA”), expanding the scope of the national emergency declared in E.O. 13466 and adding new restrictions.
On April 18, 2011, the President issued Executive Order 13570 (“E.O. 13570”), pursuant to IEEPA and the UNPA, to take additional steps to address the national emergency declared in E.O. 13466 and expanded in E.O. 13551 that will ensure implementation of the import restrictions contained in United Nations Security Council Resolution (“UNSCR”) 1718 of October 14, 2006, and UNSCR 1874 of June 12, 2009, and complement the import restrictions provided for in the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.).
The Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) issued the North Korea Sanctions Regulations, 31 C.F.R. part 510 (the “NKSR”) (75 Fed. Reg. 67912, November 4, 2010), to implement E.O. 13466 and E.O. 13551, and will revise the NKSR to implement E.O. 13570. The NKSR replace the Foreign Assets Control Regulations, 31 C.F.R. part 500, to the extent they pertained to North Korea.
Criminal fines for violating the E.O.s range up to $1,000,000; individuals may also face imprisonment up to 20 years. In addition, civil penalties of up to the greater of $250,000 or twice the amount of the underlying transaction may be imposed administratively for each violation.
This fact sheet is a broad summary of the sanctions currently in place.
II. PROHIBITED TRANSACTIONS
A. Blocked Property and Interests in Property
Property and interests in property of North Korea or a North Korean national that, pursuant to the TWEA and the Foreign Assets Control Regulations, were blocked as of June 16, 2000, and remained blocked immediately prior to June 26, 2008 (the date of E.O. 13466), remain blocked pursuant to E.O. 13466. In addition, E.O. 13551 blocks the property and interests in property of persons listed in the Annex to E.O. 13551, as well as of individuals and entities determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, to be facilitating North Korean trafficking in arms and related materiel, facilitating North Korean procurement of luxury goods, or engaging in illicit activities that involve or support the Government of North Korea or its senior officials, including money laundering, the counterfeiting of goods or currency, bulk cash smuggling, and narcotics trafficking.
With certain exceptions, U.S. persons are prohibited from transferring, paying, exporting, withdrawing, or otherwise dealing in the property and interests in property of an entity or individual named in the Annex to E.O. 13551 or
Updated on May 6, 2011
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designated under the authority of the E.O. The names of such entities and individuals are published in the Federal Register and incorporated into OFAC’s Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List (“SDN List”). The SDN List is accessible via OFAC’s Web site at
www.treasury.gov/sdn. The property and interests in property of an entity are also blocked if the entity is owned, directly or indirectly, 50 percent or more by a person listed on OFAC’s SDN List pursuant to E.O. 13551, regardless of whether the entity itself is on OFAC’s SDN List.
B. Transactions Involving North Korean Vessels
U.S. persons are prohibited from registering vessels in North Korea, obtaining authorization for a vessel to fly the North Korean flag, and owning, leasing, operating, or insuring any vessel flagged by North Korea.
C. Importing from North Korea
Pursuant to E.O. 13570, goods, services, and technology from North Korea may not be imported into the United States, directly or indirectly, without a license from OFAC. This broad prohibition applies to goods, services, and technology from North Korea that are used as components of finished products of, or substantially transformed in, a third country. Importers seeking a license from OFAC must provide the information specified in 31 C.F.R. part 501, subpart E, to OFAC. Requests for a license must be submitted by mail to the Licensing Division, Office of Foreign Assets Control, U.S. Department of the Treasury, 1500 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Annex, Washington, DC 20220. After reviewing the importer’s application, OFAC will make a license determination. U.S. depository institutions handling letters of credit or documentary collections involving imports from North Korea must obtain a copy of OFAC’s license from the importer before proceeding with such transactions. The license must also be provided to U.S. Customs and Border Protection before imports from North Korea will be allowed into the United States.
III. EXPORTING TO NORTH KOREA
Treasury prohibitions on exporting goods to North Korea specifically relate to sales involving parties whose property and interests in property are blocked under E.O. 13551. Otherwise, there are no Treasury prohibitions on exporting goods to North Korea. Depending on the goods involved (e.g., luxury goods), the export may be subject to other U.S. export controls, such as those administered by the U.S. Department of Commerce.
IV. TRAVELING TO NORTH KOREA
U.S. persons do not need U.S. Government permission to travel to North Korea. U.S. persons may also provide services ordinarily incident to travel to and from North Korea. Prospective travelers may wish to consult the Department of State’s travel web page regarding travel to North Korea.
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